Most people associate a hand surgeon with treating common issues such as fractures, carpal tunnel syndrome, or tendon injuries. However, orthopaedic hand surgeons are trained to treat a considerably broader spectrum of challenging and lesser-known disorders involving the hand, wrist, and even forearm. Their knowledge extends beyond regular injuries to conditions many people would not anticipate to be under their jurisdiction. Understanding these uncommon disorders allows patients to seek timely and appropriate treatment rather than disregarding mild or rare symptoms.
Discover some lesser-known conditions hand surgeons in Singapore also treat.
1. Congenital Hand Differences in Adults
While congenital hand abnormalities are typically diagnosed and treated in childhood, some cases go unnoticed or untreated until adulthood. These may include fused fingers (syndactyly), extra digits (polydactyly), or underdeveloped thumbs. An orthopaedic hand surgeon can assess such deformities and recommend reconstructive procedures to improve function and aesthetics. The complexity increases in adult patients due to bone maturity and adaptation of soft tissue, making it vital to consult a skilled hand specialist for a personalised surgical plan.
2. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
CRPS is a chronic pain condition that can develop after even a minor hand or wrist injury. It’s characterised by severe pain, swelling, skin colour changes, and joint stiffness. This syndrome is often misdiagnosed or overlooked because its symptoms mimic other conditions. A hand surgeon who is familiar with CRPS can play a key role in the early diagnosis and coordinated management of the condition, often involving a multidisciplinary approach that includes physiotherapy, medications, and, in some cases, surgical intervention to manage nerve compression.
3. Tumours and Cysts in the Hand
Many are surprised to learn that hand surgeons also treat benign and malignant tumours that develop in the soft tissues or bones of the hand. These include ganglion cysts, giant cell tumours of the tendon sheath, lipomas, and even rare bone cancers. Though some of these growths appear harmless, they can impair tendon gliding, compress nerves, or erode bone if left unchecked. Orthopaedic hand surgeons are trained to differentiate these lesions through imaging and biopsy and perform precise surgical excision to prevent recurrence or complications.
4. Nerve Compression Beyond Carpal Tunnel
While carpal tunnel syndrome is the most well-known nerve compression disorder, hand surgeons also manage less common entrapments, such as cubital tunnel syndrome (ulnar nerve compression at the elbow) or radial tunnel syndrome. These conditions can cause numbness, weakness, and pain that radiates down the arm to the hand. The diagnosis is often delayed because symptoms are not always localised to the wrist or hand. A hand surgeon is equipped to evaluate the source of the compression and carry out decompression procedures tailored to the affected nerve.
5. Arthritis in Young Adults
Arthritis is commonly associated with ageing, but certain types, such as rheumatoid arthritis or post-traumatic arthritis, can affect younger individuals. These forms of arthritis can cause joint destruction, stiffness, and deformity in the fingers and wrist. Orthopaedic hand surgeons are experienced in joint-preserving procedures, synovectomy, or even joint replacement when necessary. Their involvement is essential in maintaining function and quality of life, especially for younger patients who rely heavily on hand mobility for work and daily activities.
6. Dupuytren’s Disease
Dupuytren’s contracture is a progressive condition where fibrous tissue under the skin of the palm thickens and contracts, causing the fingers—usually the ring and little fingers—to bend towards the palm. Although more common in Western populations, it is increasingly seen in the region due to genetic and environmental factors. Treatment may range from needle aponeurotomy to surgical fasciectomy, depending on the stage of the disease. An orthopaedic hand surgeon’s expertise ensures the safe and effective release of contracted tissue while preserving hand function.
Conclusion
Orthopaedic hand surgeons treat much more than severe injuries. From treating rare nerve entrapments to excising tumours and correcting congenital anomalies, they offer specialised care for a wide spectrum of hand conditions. Early consultation with a trained hand surgeon can avoid worsening and result in improved long-term outcomes—even for diseases that do not appear to be significant at first.
Visit National University Hospital (NUH) to uncover professional solutions for even the most uncommon hand conditions.
